Abstract— As the Internet rapidly grows, networks carry large amounts of multimedia data. Protecting the copyright of digital audio is becoming an increasingly important issue. This paper presents a zero-watermarking algorithm for audio based on the energy of each frame. The characteristic of energy is utilized to retrieve the watermark after various attacks. To measure the robustness and security of the proposed method, the accuracies of extracting watermark from an audio signal following an attack by various signal processing schemes are evaluated. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm has greater robustness than the methods in the literature and it exhibits good security. The proposed scheme can be used to protect rights of intellectual property in audio signals.
Index Terms— Intellectual property right, information security, zero-watermark, robustness, framed energy.
S. M. Tsai is with the Department of Communication Engineering of National Penghu University of Science and Technology Penghu, Taiwan (e-mail: smtsai@npu.edu.tw).
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Cite: Shu-Min Tsai, " A Robust Zero-Watermarking Scheme for Digital Audio," International Journal of Information and Electronics Engineering vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 117-121, 2015.
